Just 29 percent of Northern Ireland's surface waterbodies reach good ecological status. Over 20 million tonnes of untreated sewage and wastewater enter waterways annually.

Agriculture Minister Andrew Muir briefed assembly members on steps to address these conditions. He proposed that the Northern Ireland Environment Agency withdraw from a 2007 administrative arrangement with NI Water that limits enforcement actions.

The arrangement started when wastewater infrastructure shortfalls were expected to take years to fix through price controls. Almost 20 years later, pollution persists at unacceptable levels.

Ending the deal would subject NI Water to the same regulatory standards as agriculture, private businesses and industry. Muir stressed the need for fair, impartial and consistent application across all sectors.

Pollution affects public health, economic activity and confidence in water safety. Regulation must rebuild trust.

Muir plans to introduce a Fisheries and Water Environment Bill in May 2026. Provisions include updated enforcement powers, an ecosystem-based approach, maximum fines of £50,000 and fixed penalty notices.

Additional actions target the Shellfish Water Protected Area in Belfast Lough for sensitive area status under urban wastewater rules, requiring improved discharge treatment. A province-wide review will establish fresh standards for consents.